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Huh? A Model of Space, Infinity and Flow |
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Working Draft Copyright (c) 2005 - 2007 Jim Imboden |
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Chapter 8 The Solar System
In the space of one hundred and seventy six years the Lower Mississippi has shortened itself two hundred and forty-two miles. That is an average of a trifle over a mile and a third per year. Therefore, any calm person, who is not blind or idiotic, can see that in the Old Oolitic Silurian Period, just a million years ago next November, the Lower Mississippi was upwards of one million three hundred thousand miles long, and stuck out over the Gulf of Mexico like a fishing-pole. And by the same token any person can see that seven hundred and forty-two years from now the Lower Mississippi will be only a mile and three-quarters long, and Cairo and New Orleans will have joined their streets together and be plodding comfortably along under a single mayor and a mutual board of aldermen. There is something fascinating about science. One gets such wholesale returns of conjecture out of such a trifling investment of fact. Mark Twain (Samuel Langhorne Clemens) (1835-1910)
For the past year and a half I find when I see many of the spectacular pictures from space I find myself mentally merging these photographs with the “Huh” model. And much of the time I feel I can truly picture what is happening. The spiraling galaxies, supernovas, black holes and pictures inside our solar system all seem to look like they could be generated by this one simple model.
What I would like to do in this chapter is compare the Huh Model to our Solar System. The idea of comparing the model and solar system is going one step beyond the last chapter on the sun. The comparison we will be doing will be a test to see if our simple model can handle the complexities that we have observed in our solar system. In other words can the model mimic our solar system? If the model can mimic our solar system does it provide any insights on how the solar system might have been constructed? These insights on construction could be the beginning of new theories.
Click on the following to see the Huh model compared to Bode's Law for calculating a planets distance from the sun. Note- Mark Twain's quote above was used in reference to the calculating of the planets AU numbers. Calculating a Planet's Distance or AU ( Comparison to Bode's Law)
Heliosphere In today’s world solar physicists are trying to understand data received from different solar missions. This data shows different layers or spheres around the sun, the sun and planets and around the entire solar system. They use terms like heliosphere, magnetosphere, ionosphere, current sheet and others. Each layer carries with it many mysteries that will keep the physicists busy for years trying to understand what it all means. Figure 8-8 shows how physicists today picture our solar system. The heliopause is like an outer shell of the heliosphere. Inside the heliosphere is our solar system and it has a shell called termination shock that slows down matter and energy produced by the sun and planets. This termination shock has been penetrated by both Voyager 1 and Voyager 2. Our solar systems’ heliopause acts as a shield from the interstellar winds, the left hand side of figure 8-8 shows this wind being diverted around the heliosphere. If you remember from chapter 5 what is happening is we are taking a one directional flow and converting it into two and three dimensional flows. Our heliosphere seems to have most of the elements of the Huh model. The thing that is missing is a defined space. The picture seems to ignore anything to the right of the heliosphere. If the heliosphere is contained in a fairly rigid space then we should see behaviors similar to the model. NASA Picture
Figure 8-8
We can look for clues that might help, I would be looking for anything that doesn’t make sense. For example in Figure 8-8 the interstellar winds hitting the heliopause and being deflected makes sense, if I stick my fist out the window of my car going 70 mph I will disrupt the wind and its flow will go different directions. It will do the same regardless if I use my hand, foot or head. If I put Jello out the window it will blow it apart. We need to look for rigidity in the heliopause.
Figure 8-9 shows the rigidity, or why the heliopause doesn’t get blown apart. There is a hydrogen wall on the lower right side of the drawing. This hydrogen wall is very dense in the direction facing the wind and decreases as we follow it back around our solar system. The bright red means very dense and as we follow it down and around it goes to orange to yellow then to green or half the density. Now it makes sense, this hydrogen wall is so dense it can deflect the flow around it.
The only problem is how did it become so dense? Or even more simply why doesn’t the wind move it back into the less dense region. The answer lies behind the hydrogen wall where the green is, this green is helium. If you go back to chapter 3 and read about how compression works in the model you will see where this dense hydrogen wall comes from. The model shows where this compression comes from and Figure 8-9 shows the compression is so great that it is fusing the hydrogen together.
Figure 8-9 NASA Drawing
The process to get helium is defined on NASA’s site http://science.msfc.nasa.gov/ssl/pad/solar/interior.htm
The only thing missing for us to model the heliosphere is rigid space and I believe the hydrogen wall with helium behind shows its there. Couple that with the instellar winds and we have all of the components needed.
To put this in perspective Figure 8-10 shows the scale we are working with.
Figure 8-11 is another NASA drawing and it shows the heliosphere as a closed ellipse and gives an idea of what is inside the heliosphere. It shows one planet and its magnetosphere and you can see a hierarchy of these closed spaces beginning.
Figure 8-10 NASA Drawing of Heliosphere
Figure 8-11 NASA Drawing of Heliosphere Components
Figure 8-11 also shows the solar wind and the flow of local interstellar medium.
Figure 8-12 combines Figures 8-10 and 8-11 to give you a felling of the size of the heliosphere.
Figure 8-12 Drawing Showing Models Size of Heliosphere Placed Over NASA's Drawing How does this relate to the Huh Model?
Figure 8-13 Model Calculation of Size
Figure 8-13 shows the Huh model constructed with a size of one and +/- 1 pi units of flow. It looks okay except we have a mirror image we don’t need. This mirror image came from the splitting of the flow of the interstellar winds into two directions shown in figures 8-8, 8-9, 8-10 and 8-11. If we remove the extra portion shown at bottom of Figure 8-13 we now have a fairly good match to our heliosphere. If you look at chapter 5 again you will begin to realize that the portion we are removing might be there but we can’t see it. It could be possible the Huh Model can model “i”, or imaginary numbers. Moving in one level in the heliosphere we come to each planets magnetosphere. Nasa’s stargazers dictionary: http://stargazers.gsfc.nasa.gov/resources/dictionary.htm#m
Magnetosphere The location in space where Earth's magnetic field balances the pressure of the solar wind. It is located about 63,000 km from Earth in the direction of the Sun, or about 1/6th the distance to the moon's orbit. Magnetopause The outermost environment of Earth, dominated by the Earth's magnetic field. The magnetosphere is the site of the radiation belt and many intricate phenomena. Magnetotail The region on the night side of the Earth where the magnetic filed is stretched backwards by the force of the solar wind.
8-14 Earths Magnetosphere NASA Drawing Figure 8-14 shows the components of the magnetosphere and how the solar wind affects the magnetosphere. The Van Allen Radiation Belts (the red and blue sections close to earth) also looks familiar to the Huh Model but the symmetry of the left and right hand sides (red and blue) don’t fit, if the colors were flipped on one side it would.
The magnetosphere doesn’t seem to fit the model. My first thought was; it’s just the solar wind blowing it around, and it is going to be deformed and look like it does because of the wind. The problem is, the model is supposed to be modeling this wind (or flow) and it is failing to do it. I thought, what would happen if I removed some ‘x’ from the model? I will just change the formula from y=a^3/(a^2 + x^2) to y=a^3/(a^2 - x^2) and when I did I got Figure 8-15.
Figure 8-15
This looks better but I now have two new problems:
Figure 8-16
If we break the model apart at the point where the model is most compressed (see Figure 8-16 B) we will release a line that is pi units long (see Figure 8-16 C). When I say release I mean released instantly according to the math. This line is not compressed, not connected and free to move. This line is "flow" or "magnetic flow" and the model allows for several different theories as to what happens. The math shows the flow being thinned out and reconnecting back together.
Figure 8-17 shows a graphic of how the model would look when broken apart as described above.
Figure 8-17
This drawing is beginning to look more like the magnetosphere but less like the first results we got in Figure 8-15. Actually Figure 8-17 is two separate results from the model pasted together; the difference is I am using two center points and Derive (the program I'm using) can't handle more than one. To be honest I had problems using two myself. Am I trying to pull a fast one? The answer is no; in reality I only have one center and one starting point; the starting point is the center of the earth in Figure 8-17. When we break the bound section on the left side of Figure 8-17, the release is centered around the earth, not the place the knob was when we were generating the left side.
If you click on Figure 8-18 you will see an animation of what the model would look like for a "Bound" and "Released" section. Note that this animation has several portions removed to see what is taking place inside the model.
Figure 8-18
As you can see in Figure 8-18 the bound section is contained inside of the released section. The only way I have been able to produce the look of the magnetosphere is to break the bound section to allow it to release and wrapping around on the opposite side like shown in figure 8-17.
This causes me to pay close attention to pictures and models of the magnetosphere to see if the lines are connected and if they are where are they connected. Figure 8-14 is a two dimensional drawing and the Huh model can handle it, while Figure 8-19 is a three dimensional model of the magnetosphere and it appears the Huh model could possibly produce this also.
Figure 8-19
While drawings and models like these are nice they are peoples interpretations of data they have. I am working on getting some raw data to see how well the model predicts real data.
Current Sheet There is a common connection between the sun and all 10 planets and it is called the “Current Sheet”. The vast region of space filled by the Sun's magnetic field is called the heliosphere. All nine planets orbit inside it. But the biggest thing in the heliosphere is not a planet, or even the Sun. It's the current sheet--a sprawling surface where the polarity of the Sun's magnetic field changes from plus (north) to minus (south). We call it the 'current sheet,' because an electrical current flows there, about 10-10 amps/m2. The filament of an ordinary light bulb carries sixteen orders of magnitude (1016x) more amps/m2. But what the current sheet lacks in local amperage, it makes up in sheer size. The sheet is 10,000 km thick and extends from the Sun past the orbit of Pluto. The entire heliosphere is organized around this giant sheet. ----Pete Riley, Science Applications International Corporation The top portion of Figure 8-20 shows the “Current Sheet” produced by Pete Riley’s model using data from several different spacecraft and modeled on a supercomputer named Blue Horizon. The Lower portion shows a cut-away of the Huh Model for comparison.
 Figure 8-20 Current Sheet (Click on Huh Model in Figure 8-15 to see animation) Click on: http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2003/22apr_currentsheet.htm for more information on the Current Sheet. Also there is an animation by Brian Grimm about half way down on the page, this is an animation of the sun changing poles, an eleven year event. Click here to see how it would look like on the Huh Model. Near the bottom of this NASA web page in a section called “More Information” and contains five different links to different animations showing what this current sheet might look like. After viewing these animations look at the following animations created using the Huh Model:
If you think about this “Current Sheet”, the solar wind and interstellar winds you can begin to see how they might be the key to the formation of our sun, solar system, planets and their moons. When I relate all of this to the Huh Model I begin to see how the hierarchy builds based on flows and the spaces created as each level of this hierarchy begins to take shape. To me this model suggests we need to try and turn our thinking around and see if many of the mysteries of our sun and solar system begin to disappear. If we were to look at the sun and its solar wind as the builder or cause of the planets our conclusions would be completely different as to what causes what. Based on the model we could build our complete solar system using only the interstellar hydrogen winds and an adequate defined space. By defined space I mean bound by anything the interstellar winds of hydrogen has trouble penetrating. And of course we will need time, lots and lots of time.
Summary: The Huh model appears to be able to model many of the flows and their mysterious shapes that we have recently discovered in our solar system. Of all of the different paths I taken exploring this model the solar system has been the most exciting. I think the reason for the excitement is the vast amount of information NASA has gathered on the solar system and the focus they have put on trying to understanding it. Hopefully this model will help.
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